Search results for "Chemical diversity"
showing 7 items of 7 documents
Communication versus waterproofing: the physics of insect cuticular hydrocarbons
2019
Understanding the evolution of complex traits is among the major challenges in biology. One such trait is the cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) layer in insects. It protects against desiccation and provides communication signals, especially in social insects. CHC composition is highly diverse within and across species. To understand the adaptive value of this chemical diversity, we must understand how it affects biological functionality. So far, CHCs received ample research attention, but their physical properties were little studied. We argue that these properties determine their biological functionality, and are vital to understand how CHC composition affects their adaptive value. We investigat…
Chemical messages from an ancient buried bottle: Metabolomics for wine archeochemistry.
2017
Restoration works in the old Clunisian Saint-Vivant monastery in Burgundy revealed an unidentified wine bottle (SV1) dating between 1772 and 1860. Chemical evidence for SV1 origin and nature are presented here using non-targeted Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance analyses. The SV1 chemical diversity was compared to red wines (Pinot Noir) from the Romanée Saint Vivant appellation and from six different vintages spanning from 1915 to 2009. The close metabolomic signature between SV1 and Romanée Saint Vivant wines spoke in favor of a filiation between these wines, in particular considering the Pinot noir grape variety. A further statistic…
Bio-nano: Theranostic at Cellular Level
2018
Functionalized nanoparticles are important platforms for targeted drug delivery and multimodal imaging. Materials scientists provide tailor-made tools for medical research, diagnosis and treatment. These tools are rationally designed to have defined functions. Still, the value of these tools can only be determined by the users in medical sciences that develop assays for applying these tools. Until now, little is known about the impact of multifunctional particles that display intrinsic chemical and physical asymmetry which poses new challenges for cells associated with the amphiphilicity, dipole moments and chemical diversity/patchiness of the functionalized nanoparticles. Why is it importa…
A positional scanning combinatorial library of peptoids as a source of biological active molecules: identification of antimicrobials
2003
9 pages, 4 figures, 2 schemes, 3 tables.-- PMID: 12959560 [PubMed].-- Printed version published in issue Sep-Oct 2003.-- Supporting information available at: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cc020075u
Topological virtual screening: a way to find new anticonvulsant drugs from chemical diversity.
2003
A topological virtual screening (tvs) test is presented, which is capable of identifying new drug leaders with anticonvulsant activity. Molecular structures of both anticonvulsant-active and non active compounds, extracted from the Merck Index database, were represented using topological indexes. By means of the application of a linear discriminant analysis to both sets of structures, a topological anticonvulsant model (tam) was obtained, which defines a connectivity function. On the basis of this model, 41 new structures with anticonvulsant activity have been identified by a topological virtual screening.
The chemodiversity of wines can reveal a metabologeography expression of cooperage oak wood
2009
Wine chemical compositions, which result from a complex interplay between environmental factors, genetic factors, and viticultural practices, have mostly been studied using targeted analyses of selected families of metabolites. Detailed studies have particularly concerned volatile and polyphenolic compounds because of their acknowledged roles in the organoleptic and therapeutic properties. However, we show that an unprecedented chemical diversity of wine composition can be unraveled through a nontargeted approach by ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry, which provides an instantaneous image of complex interacting processes, not easily or possibly resolvable into their unambiguous individu…
Macromolecules with groups of high reactivity
1960
Reactions on the reactive groups of macromolecular substances (e.g., cellulose) have long been known, even since before the structures of macromolecules were understood. H. Staudinger carried out numerous reactions with macromolecules, maintaining the degree of polymerization constant, in order to substantiate the macromolecular structure of the substances investigated (polymeric-analogous reactions). During the last fifteen years reactions with macromolecules have been investigated because it was desirable to compare the chemical diversity of low molecular weight compounds with the corresponding chemical diversity of macromolecular compounds. These endeavors bring forth materials which sup…